The purpose of this method statement shall be to outline the sequence and method of Testing & Commissioning of Structured cabling system.

This procedure is one component of a complete testing and commissioning program.

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This and other procedures will be used, as needed, to provide assurance that testing activities are being conducted as required by authorization basis commitments and manufacturer procedures.

SCS (Structured cabling system) is based on physical star or ring wiring topology, whichever is feasible for the network applications and capacity.

All system components of the entire cabling system will be of the same manufacturer to ensure signal warranty covering the entire installation.

Necessary Tooling & Equipment

Fiber Termination Kit
UTP Termination Kit
OLTS I OTDR Fluke tester
Labeling Machine
Technician’s tools
Step ladders

Precommissioning Procedure for Structured Cabling System

Installations, terminations and testing are to comply with the corresponding recommendations of the manufacturer, ANSI/ TIA/EIA, IEC & BICSI.

Check the un-shielded twisted pair category 6 will be inside the prepared containment

Check the cables are well tied with horizontal and vertical cable tray.

All data cables are in respective panel.

Labeling of all cable properly done and completed. All outlets (Data/Voice), campus/Building backbone will be labeled as per the labeling scheme approved by the consultant.

Check List for Fiber / Cat6 Cabling

A) Check & ensure that the correct Fiber/Cat6 cables are used. Physically check and verify the manufacturer’s markings. Confirm that the cables used for voice applications are Fiber cables.

B) Pre-installation cable check, check and verify the cable for cuts or damages before

C) Check for cable pair twists, physically check and verify that the cable pairs terminated in the CAT6 / RJ45 Patch Panel do not twist into each other.

D) Check for bend radius, open the compartments. Check and verify that the stipulated bend radius is not less than 4 times the cable diameter.

E) Stress Relief, Randomly check individual cables for cable stress /pulling tensions, as excessive stress on the cable may cause micro bending.

OTDR Testing Procedure

As we mentioned earlier, OTDR’s are always used on OSP cables to verify the loss of each splice. But they are also used as troubleshooting tools. Let’s look at how an OTDR works and see how it can help testing and troubleshooting.

How OTDRs Work

Unlike sources and power meters which measure the loss of the fiber optic cable plant directly, the OTDR works indirectly.

The source and meter duplicate the transmitter and receiver of the fiber optic transmission link, so the measurement correlates well with actual system loss.

The OTDR, however, uses back scattered light of the fiber to imply loss.

The OTDR works like RADAR, sending a high power laser light pulse down the fiber and looking for return signals from back scattered light in the fiber itself or reflected light from connector or splice interfaces.

At any point in time, the light the OTDR sees is the light scattered from the pulse passing through a region of the fiber.

Only a small amount of light is scattered back toward the OTDR, but with sensitive receivers and signal averaging, it is possible to make measurements over relatively long distances.

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Since it is possible to calibrate the speed of the pulse as it passes down the fiber, the OTDR can measure time, calculate the pulse position in the fiber and correlate what it sees in back scattered light with an actual location in the fiber.

Thus it can create a display of the amount of back scattered light at any point in the fiber.

Since the pulse is attenuated in the fiber as it passes along the fiber and suffers loss in connectors and splices, the amount of power in the test pulse decreases as it passes along the fiber in the cable plant under test.

Thus the portion of the light being back scattered will be reduced accordingly, producing a picture of the actual loss occurring in the fiber.

Some calculations are necessary to convert this information into a display, since the process occurs twice, once going out from the OTDR and once on the return path from the scattering at the test pulse.

There is a lot of information in an OTDR display. The slope of the fiber trace shows the attenuation coefficient of the fiber and is calibrated in dB/km by the OTDR.

In order to measure fiber attenuation, you need a fairly long length of fiber with no distortions on either end from the OTDR resolution or overloading due to large reflections.

If the fiber looks nonlinear at either end, especially near a reflective event like a connector, avoid that section when measuring loss.

Connectors and splices are called “events” in OTDR jargon. Both should show a loss, but connectors and mechanical splices will also show a reflective peak so you can distinguish them from fusion splices.

Also, the height of that peak will indicate the amount of reflection at the event, unless it is so large that it saturates the OTDR receiver. Then peak will have a flat top and tail on the far end, indicating the receiver was overloaded.

The width of the peak shows the distance resolution of the OTDR, or how close it can detect events.

OTDRs can also detect problems in the cable caused during installation. If a fiber is broken, it will show up as the end of the fiber much shorter than the cable or a high loss splice at the wrong place.

If excessive stress is placed on the cable due to kinking or too tight a bend radius, it will look like a splice at the wrong location.

OTDR limitations

The limited distance resolution of the OTDR makes it very hard to use in a LAN or building environment where cables are usually only a few hundred meters long.

The OTDR has a great deal of difficulty resolving features in the short cables of a LAN and is likely to show “ghosts” from reflections at connectors, more often than not simply confusing the user.

Using The OTDR

When using an OTDR, there are a few cautions that will make testing easier and more understandable.

Free Cctv Installation Method Statements

First always use a long launch cable, which allows the OTDR to settle down after the initial pulse and provides a reference cable for testing the first connector on the cable.

Always start with the OTDR set for the shortest pulse width for best resolution and a range at least 2 times the length of the cable you are testing. Make an initial trace and see how you need to change the parameters to get better results.

UTP CABLING

Testing UTP Cabling

Since Cat 5e/6/6A UTP cable is used to the fullest extent of its performance envelope, comprehensive

performance testing is very important. There are three basic tests that are called for as part of the EIA/TIA-568 specs for all UTP cables: wiremap, length and high speed performance.

We’ll take a look at each of them and equipment needed to test them.

What Is A “Certified” Cable?

Certification has been used by vendors of testers to mean that the cable was tested and passed by one of the Cat 5e/6/6A “certification” testers which test all the standard’s specified performance parameters.

It means that the cabling meets the minimum specifications of EIA/TIA standards and should work with any network designed to operate on a Cat 5e/6 link.

Thus, a “certification tester” or “certifier” is an instrument that tests the cabling and compares it to the TIA-568 standards, certifying that the cable meets th